Perception and preference between Yoruba and Fulani ecotype chickens among local farmers in the derived savanna zone

Abstract

This study examined farmers’ preferences for Yoruba and Fulani ecotype chickens among 98 smallholder poultry farmers in the derived savanna zone of Ogbomoso North and South Local Government Areas. A cross-sectional survey design with structured questionnaires was employed using multistage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Findings revealed clear differences in genotype rearing preference among farmers between the two local governments. In Ogbomoso North, a higher proportion of farmers reared Fulani ecotype chickens (61.2%), whereas Yoruba ecotypes were more common in Ogbomoso South (51.0%). Farmers in Ogbomoso North also showed stronger preference for Fulani chickens (69.4%) compared with those in Ogbomoso South (44.9%). Fulani ecotype chickens were rated more favorably for egg production, egg size, body size, and marketability. The study further showed that poultry production in the two areas remains largely traditional. Most farmers depended on natural mating (70.0%) and birds were selected mainly for egg production (49.0%). Feeding practices combined commercial (49%) and homemade feeds (16%), although low feeding frequency reflected feed scarcity and financial limitations. Diseases were identified as the major challenge, particularly coccidiosis (51%) and Newcastle disease (39%), while weak veterinary support limited effective disease control. Housing systems were mainly semi-intensive (50%) and constructed with wood, offering limited protection. Marketing relied heavily on local markets, resulting in low annual income for most farmers. In conclusion, there is preference for Fulani ecotype chickens in Ogbomoso North local government and Yoruba ecotype chickens in Ogbomoso South local government. However, Fulani ecotype chickens was highly favourable for egg production, egg size, body size and marketability. It can therefore be recommended that both ecotypes (Yoruba and Fulani) chickens should be conserved and genetically improved to ensure sustainable poultry production across different agro-ecological zones. Government agencies and agricultural institutions should strengthen programs aimed at conserving indigenous chicken genetic resources and promoting their sustainable utilization.